Modular Construction in the Northeast and Northwest: Who Owns the Risk?

Introduction:

Prefabrication and modular construction are reshaping the built environment, offering efficiency gains, faster schedules, and new opportunities. But with these gains come new risks — especially when modules are built in one state and installed in another. This post explores how Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Washington allocate risk in modular construction projects, and what medium-sized contractors need to watch for in their contracts.

🔍 1. The New Risk Landscape of Modular Construction

Unlike traditional builds, modular projects involve:

  • Cross-jurisdictional transport of building systems
  • Complex sequencing of factory production and site preparation
  • New players (e.g., fabricators, shippers)

This complexity increases exposure to delay claims, defect disputes, and coordination failures.

⚖️ 2. Liability in CT, MA, and WA: A Comparative Look

Connecticut: Site GCs remain responsible even when modules are made out-of-state. Lien rights if fabrication occurs elsewhere.

Massachusetts: Chapter 93A can apply in B2B disputes if faulty fabrication causes significant damage.

Washington: Factory-assembled structure (FAS) regulations affect approvals and insurance.

🧾 3. Contract Structure Tips

  • Define delivery risk: FOB factory vs. FOB site
  • Include coordination clauses for factory/field handoffs
  • Specify modular-specific warranties and documentation requirements

🧰 4. Project Controls That Matter

  • Use modular schedule matrices
  • Document fabrication with photos/videos
  • Assign a modular coordinator even on mid-sized jobs

✅ Conclusion:

Modular builds promise efficiency — but with unique risks. Clear contracts, defined responsibilities, and proactive planning are essential for firms working across state lines.

📩 Need help reviewing modular construction contracts? Contact us — we support midsize firms across MA, CT, and WA.